Conceptual Design of an Inclusive Iqro Braille Model Based on Tactile Silicone Elastomer for Visually Impaired Learners

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to conceptualize an inclusive Iqro Braille model utilizing tactile silicone elastomer technology to improve Qur’anic literacy, among visually impaired individuals, particularly those with reduced fingertip sensitivity. The study seeks to bridge the technological and ergonomic gaps that limit access to religious education for the blind.

Design/Methodology/Approach

A qualitative design using the User-Centered Design (UCD) approach was employed to explore the tactile learning needs of blind learners within the PERTUNI North Sumatra community. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and field observations. The collected data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña (2014) to produce a validated conceptual framework for the Iqro Braille based on tactile silicone elastomer..

Findings

The findings reveal that most visually impaired learners face difficulty reading conventional Braille due to diminished tactile sensitivity, rigid materials, and limited access to adaptive tools. Participants expressed a strong preference for non-electric, flexible, and portable Qur’anic learning media. The study introduces the conceptual model of Iqronic Braille, integrating three design principles: adaptive tactility, sensory ergonomics, and inclusive accessibility. This model employs a “pop-up” tactile system similar to Pop-It mechanisms, providing improved tactile feedback and comfort for Qur’anic reading.

Research limitations/implications

The research focuses on conceptual design rather than prototype testing. Future studies should develop and experimentally validate the prototype to assess tactile effectiveness and user experience.

Practical implications

The proposed model can guide the development of inclusive Qur’anic learning media, educational programs, and training modules for teachers and visually impaired learners. It also provides a blueprint for policymakers to standardize adaptive Braille systems in Islamic education.

Social implications

By enhancing access to Qur’anic literacy, this innovation promotes religious inclusion, empowerment, and spiritual independence for visually impaired Muslims. It embodies the principles of ḥifẓ al-dīn (preservation of faith) and taysīr (ease in worship), fulfilling both human rights and Islamic ethical imperatives.

Originality/value

This study introduces the first conceptual framework integrating tactile silicone elastomer technology into Iqro Braille design. Unlike previous research that focused on digital or conventional Braille, this model emphasizes non-electronic, ergonomic, and adaptive tactile interaction aligned with Islamic values of inclusivity and accessibility.

Keywords: Iqro Braille, Tactile Silicone Elastomer, Inclusive Education, Visual Impairment, BAZNAS Innovation